更新时间:2023-01-01 10:35:55浏览次数:317+次
本文介绍如何在Ubuntu 22.04服务器上安装和配置Jenkins Server。Jenkins是一个用Java编写的开源自动化服务器,要在Ubuntu系统上安装Jenkins可以从Ubuntu软件包或下载并运行其Web应用程序档案(WAR)文件来完成。当前,在Ubuntu上安装Jenkins的最优选方法是从apt存储库,使用apt存储库安装方法,可以随系统升级软件包。
在Ubuntu 22.04上安装Jenkins Server
步骤1、更新系统
让我们通过执行系统更新和升级开始安装:
$ sudo apt update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]
Hit:2 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:3 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [83.2 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [119 kB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [79.8 kB]
Fetched 440 kB in 2s (224 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
$ sudo apt upgrade -y
您可能需要重新启动系统才能继续,因为系统升级可能会更新内核:
[ -f /var/run/reboot-required ] && sudo reboot -f
步骤2、添加Jenkins存储库
Ubuntu上的Jenkins版本比上游版本旧,我们将使用项目维护的包来安装Jenkins。使用以下命令添加存储库密钥:
wget -q -O - https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo apt-key add -
curl -fsSL https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/jenkins.gpg
添加密钥后,我们需要添加Jenkins稳定的Debian包存储库:
echo "deb https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list
然后更新apt包索引:
$ sudo apt update
Get:1 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal InRelease [265 kB]
Hit:2 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Ign:3 https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ InRelease
Hit:4 http://mirrors.digitalocean.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Get:5 https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ Release [2044 B]
Get:6 https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ Release.gpg [833 B]
Hit:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Get:8 https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ Packages [20.2 kB]
Fetched 288 kB in 1s (458 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
步骤3、安装Jenkins服务器
完成后,使用以下命令安装Java JDK:
sudo apt install default-jdk
如果安装了多个Java JDK版本,可以使用以下命令选择版本8作为默认版本:
$ sudo update-alternatives --config java
There is only one alternative in link group java (providing /usr/bin/java): /usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64/bin/java
Nothing to configure.
然后在Ubuntu上安装Jenkins Server:
$ sudo apt install jenkins
输出的信息如下:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
daemon net-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
daemon jenkins net-tools
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 71.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 75.4 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
步骤4、配置防火墙(可选)
如果您恰好为Ubuntu使用ufw防火墙,请打开防火墙上的8080端口,涉及的命令如下:
$ sudo ufw enable
$ sudo ufw allow 8080
$ sudo ufw status
$ sudo ufw allow ssh
$ sudo ufw status
步骤5、配置Jenkins
要设置Jenkins安装,请访问服务器地址(域或IP地址)上的端口8080:http://ip_address_or_domain_name:8080
第一个屏幕将显示“Unlock Jenkins”消息。这表示初始密码的位置:
复制密码文件:
# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
0beb2d7b9bff41079271b5596be431f9
在管理员密码框中输入密码,然后单击继续。下一页将要求您安装适合您所需Jenkins使用的推荐插件或插件。如果不确定,请选择安装推荐的插件。然后下一页是设置登录用户帐户:
完成并登录Jenkins控制中心开始管理:
至此,在Ubuntu 22.04系统上安装和配置Jenkins Server全部完成。
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